The Effects On Police On Crime

The effects of Police on crime. Police have a grave effect on crime they prevent crime by working proactively to stop crime before it happens. In many cases police use tactical training to prevent problems during arrests. Most criminals respect police when they are around. Having the police present is a very important fact of preventing crime. Signs that designate what is going on in different areas, such as no smoking zones and no loitering signs keep people on their feet. Reading signs is a way of life for the inner city. Signs such as no turn on red and reduce speed ahead warn people of what is happening in the area they live in. Neighborhood watch signs help with neighborhoods that have high crime rates. Police being present in an area doing proactive patrolling can and will reduce crime rates. According to Jackson, A. L., & Wade, J. E. (2005). Police perceptions of social capital and sense of responsibility: An explanation of proactive policing. Policing,” Crank (1998), in his examination of police culture, suggested that the examination of police sense of responsibility towards the community may be important in understanding police behavior”(2005) , 28(1), 49-68. The behavior that is associated with providing services to the community is a sense of protect and security. This feeling of protecting the innocent tends from those who wish to provide a safe environment for their family and friends. In hind sight, “This assertion suggests that police sense of responsibility may serve as an influential variable in explaining why police may demonstrate higher levels of Proactive policing in communities with low social capital in comparison to those with high social capital”, Jackson & Wade,  2005. Proactive Policing not only perpetuates and exacerbates the social differences between the police and their community, but it also increases the likelihood that an officer could abuse his or her authority within the community (Hemmens and Levin, 2000), Jackson & Wade, 2005. According to Verfaillie & Tom, Proactive policing and the assessment of organized crime. Policing, ”Anticipating or preparing for possible directions in organized crime is then no longer about calculating probabilities”, (2008). 31(4), 534-552. Looking at data that explains which neighborhoods need more or less attention is of value to proactive policing. Using information from various electronic systems help the Police figure how many resources are needed to be proactive in policing areas. According to Verfaillie & Tom, Proactive policing and the assessment of organized crime. Policing, “when it comes to social processes, predictions and forecasting techniques are less self-evident”, (2008). 31(4), 534-552. Predictions and forecasting methods using multivariate data, such as linear regression against time and econometric methods, are predicated on the ability to demonstrate causal relationships between identified variables Verfaillie & Tom, 2008. There would be more Police Officer needed to patrol a city block then a rural neighborhood simply because the city has more people per square footage than a rural neighborhood. In many cases location is an important factor of proactive policing. The location can mean the difference between a quick and speedy response and a poor unruly response. For example, Smith (1986) argued that police often use their power to arrest even more often in communities that have an established  lower social capital and on citizens with a lower socioeconomic status  then higher social establishment and  higher socioeconomic status Jackson & Wade,  2005. According to Jackson, A. L., & Wade, J. E. Police perceptions of social capital and sense of responsibility: An explanation of proactive policing,” when police implement proactive policing tactics, the recipients of their proactive tactics are often low-income minorities, citizens who for the most part are politically ineffective at instituting change among police at either the organizational or community level”, 2005. Proactive policing is most effective when it is monitored by systems and calculated. Computers can predict the waves in crime but not the way the neighborhoods and regions feel about the security and protection they receive from the police officers. In many cases a regional office and local check points are needed to take anonymous reports from concerned citizens. Being proactive rather than reactive is important in policing areas\ that have large numbers of civilians located in them. Since 911 many citizens feel as though the police do not show themselves enough and call for police that ride bikes and walk their beats instead of driving though in a police cruiser. Being more personal is a better way to deal with getting respect from the locals than not being personal. Seeing a face to match a name can help citizens realize that they are being protected and are in the process of having matters taken care of.  Scientist who have tried to explain proactive policing through the analysis of Police Officer and citizens attitudes have been inconsistent in their findings and have maintained that the relational value between the two variables is relatively unsatisfactory Jackson & Wade, 2005. According to Jackson, A. L., & Wade, J. E. Police perceptions of social capital and sense of responsibility: An explanation of proactive policing, explanations for  more responsive policing support the hypothesis that police who indicate a more negative perception of community social capital are more likely to indicate a higher sense of responsibility towards the community”, 2005. A sense of security seems to drive Police officers who do proactive policing in high crime areas that need constant attention. Police Officers that want areas to do well make a difference in city neighborhoods because of their dedication towards programs that help the community. Community programs are important to help identify representatives that enforce rules to be followed while living in any specific area. Researchers have found because the future is portrayed as inevitable it is very hard to have the knowledge of knowing what is going to happen tomorrow today, you cannot predict what people will do tomorrow. By forecasting the actions of the public today using new systems that analyze criminal actions that have taken place before, these analytical systems may  help police prevent crimes that could happen in the future.