The differences between JPG (Joint Photographic Expert Group), RAW (Camera RAW Sensor Data (Read Unprocessed Data) and TIF (Tagged Image File) saved picture data is the fact that they all provide different types of quality, formatting, and usage.
JPG (Joint Photographic Expert Group) is the most commonly used digital photographic file type because it is easier to use the camera adjustments are saved directly into the JPG file. JPG is the smallest photographic file format and easiest to manipulate. JPG cameras usually offer three groups that enable you to adjust the camera for fine, normal, and basic. I myself always use fine but normal allows the camera to save photographs using less memory space. I do not even use basic it does not look sharp enough for me but it is the least amount photographic quality and smallest JPG file size.
Advantages:
1. JPG format provides quicker processing
2. JPG file are compatible with many applications and viewers
3. Disadvantages:
4. While zooming JPG relocates boundaries, alters size, shape, and color.
5. The image is compressed every time it is saved
RAW
Most forensic photographers prefer RAW Image Files because they provide the capability of adjustments to parameters that produce high quality photographs.
Advantages:
1. RAW files are stored in native 12bit grayscale mode 4096 tonal range value which is higher than JPG or TIF.
2. The computer does all off the processing work and not the camera.
3. TIF (Tagged image File Format) is the most accurate interpretation of the image and is the most reliable format for forensic analysis.
Disadvantages:
1. Large files
2. Takes longer to print
Crime Scene Photography Edward M. Robinson with Forward by Gerald B. Richards Published by: ELSEVIER Copy right: 2007
http://www.cywarp.com/faq_digital_photo_formats.htm
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